Browsing by Author "Moncayo Lasso, Alejandro"
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Item Aplicación de un sistema electro-fenton con un ánodo de sacrificio de acero y un cátodo de difusión de gas como alternativa para la remoción de contaminantes de preocupación emergente(Universidad Antonio Nariño) Siabato Vargas, Cristian Felipe; Moncayo Lasso, AlejandroThe appearance of pharmaceutical compounds both in hospital waters and in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants, and the great potential problems in the environment and in human health that this can generate, has led to the need to propose complementary treatments, mainly tertiaries that are capable of efficiently removing this type of micro-contaminants. Among these treatments, systems based on the Fenton reaction (a type of advanced oxidation process) have been evaluated, which has proven to be efficient in removing a wide variety of contaminants. In this work, the use of an electro-Fenton system was proposed, in which the iron and hydrogen peroxide species, necessary reagents in the Fenton reaction, are electrogenerated. In the first case, from a recycled stainless-steel sacrificial anode (austenitic type - AISI 420 - from a recyclable residue), and in the case of hydrogen peroxide, using a gas diffusion cathode (with fiber of graphite). The system was worked in the presence of citric acid at near-neutral pH value. The results show that when the current density of 0.31 mA/cm2 was applied on the anode, a concentration of 0.07 mM of iron species was generated after 5 minutes, which increases progressively until a maximum of ~ 0.18 mM after 60 min. Initial results showed that electro-generated iron species, in combination with 0.40 mM hydrogen peroxide, was also electro-generated; leads to the complete degradation of ciprofloxacin, CIP (a model compound of contaminants of emerging concern), therefore its antimicrobial activity is expected to decrease as well. Taking into account degradation data (from other authors) of ciprofloxacin using similar electro-Fenton systems, and degradation products detected during treatment, in silico calculations of ThOD, Log P and molecular coupling “Docking” were performed to determine biodegradability and toxicity, both of the original compound (CIP) and the degradation products. The calculations show a tendency to increase the degradability of the intermediates formed and to decrease both toxicity and antimicrobial capacity due to low enzyme inhibition values. Electro-Fenton systems have proven to be efficient in removing this type of compound and tend to be a sustainable system with low energy consumption, when alternatives are used in their implementation, such as the one demonstrated in this work, by using reuse materials.Item Diseño Conceptual de un Sistema de Generación de Energía Eléctrica Sustentable a partir de Metano generado por Digestión Anaerobia: Integración con Procesos Electroquímicos para Tratamiento de Contaminantes en Agua y Análisis Económico(Universidad Antonio Nariño) Barreneche Vásquez, Johan Sebastián; Moncayo Lasso, Alejandro; Valderrama-Rincón, JuanThis study investigated the feasibility of using a biogas electricity generation system to mitigate the high energy costs associated with electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) in the removal of persistent contaminants in water. The energy consumption of the Electro-Fenton (EF) system in the degradation of the Losartan compound and the inactivation of microorganisms was evaluated in two environments: controlled conditions and irrigation water.Item Estudio de captación y bioacumulación de compuestos farmacéuticamente activos en cultivo de Lactuca sativa y evaluación de sus posibles efectos en las características morfológicas de la planta(Universidad Antonio Nariño) Carvajal Silva, Angie Valentina; Moncayo Lasso, AlejandroIt has been shown that pharmaceutically active compounds released in agroecosystems are absorbed and accumulated in the edible parts of crop plants. Using a simulated culture under controlled conditions, the present study aimed to evaluate the absorption and bioaccumulation of three common pharmaceutically active compounds (Diclofenac, Sulfamethoxazole and Losartan) applied individually and in mixture in Lactuca sativa roman crop, and the effects mediated by these compounds on the quality attributes of the leafs plant. Ultrasound assisted solid phase extraction technique and high-performance liquid chromatography was used identified and quantify these compounds in lettuce leaves. Absorption of sulfamethoxazole and losartan was not observed, while diclofenac was detected in concentrations of 0.0372 ng/g. The compounds evaluated and applied at different concentrations significatively affected (lower values) the attributes of the plant such as sugars, humidity, and chlorophyll. On the other hand, it is suggested to continue carrying out studies related with establishment the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in the plant, their possible metabolization and the probable transformation products of the three pharmaceutical compounds used and of those that may be found in irrigation water samples in crops at field level.Item Estudio de la Degradación de Sulfametoxazol Mediante el Sistema UV/H2O2/Cl2 y Aproximación a la Determinación de sus Productos de Degradación por UHPLC/MS(Universidad Antonio Nariño) González Cogua, Natalia Rocío; Moncayo Lasso, Alejandro; Martínez Pachón, DianaPharmaceutically active compounds correspond to a type of pollutants that are currently detected with great frequency in the aquatic environment. Antibiotics specifically represent an additional risk by contributing to the emergence of resistant bacteria. In this work, the efficiency of an electrochemically assisted UV/H2O2/Cl2 system in a flow cell with a dimensionally stable anode and a gas diffusion cathode, under UV radiation (light emitting diode) in the degradation of Sulfamethoxazole, is studied. an antibiotic frequently consumed and detected in surface, waste, hospital and irrigation waters. The influence of parameters such as current density on the production of oxidants and the degradation of Sulfamethoxazole was evaluated. The results show a total degradation of the compound after two minutes of treatment with a maximum mineralization of 35% in thirty minutes. Calculations of energy consumption are made, observing a better efficiency with 75mA/cm2 (0.039kWh/L) compared to 150mA/cm2 (0.060kWh/L). Finally, the possible degradation products obtained by UHPLC/ESI-tqMS were followed up, for which their chemical structures and possible oxidation mechanisms with the reactive and electro-generated species in the system are proposed.Item Identificación y cuantificación de contaminantes de preocupación emergente en núcleos sedimentarios del embalse de Tominé(Universidad Antonio Nariño) Barreneche Vasquez, Johan Sebastian; Martínez Pachón, Diana; Moncayo Lasso, AlejandroGiven the risks associated with the presence in the environment of the pharmaceutical compounds Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), Trimethoprim (TMP) and Diclofenac (DCF), considered of emerging concern, it is necessary to monitor and regulate the use and deposition of these contaminants in different matrices, like sediment. For this reason, SMX, TMP and DCF were identified and quantified in a sedimentary core extracted from the Tominé reservoir (Cundinamarca-Colombia), using the ultrasound-assisted solid phase extraction technique to extract and concentrate these pollutants. Identification and quantification was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The three pharmaceutical compounds were detected throughout the core at concentrations between 16.05 - 4.43 ng / g, 13.39 - 10.77 ng / g and 26.40 - 17.33 ng / g for SMX, TMP and DCF respectively, which indicates the entry and accumulation of these compounds. In the sediments, being proof of the continuous use and disposal of SMX, TMP and DCF, which can enter the ecosystem by runoff and by catchment sources of the reservoir. In the same way, other parameters were established in the sedimentary core, such as organic matter and granulometry, which may be involved in the mobility of organic pollutants, their adsorption and bioavailability. Additionally, together with the analysis of the activity of 210Pb, they allowed to corroborate that the core has adequate conditions to be dated.Item Metagenómica como herramienta de apoyo en estudios de aplicación de procesos avanzados de oxidación como tratamientos de Aguas. Acercamiento desde un análisis bibliométrico(Universidad Antonio Nariño) Giraldo Bernal, María Alejandra; Moncayo Lasso, AlejandroThe present work addresses, through a bibliometric analysis, the growth and trends of research published between 2004 and 2022 that involves metagenomics with advanced oxidation processes. These processes are used in water treatment and have proven to be an interesting alternative or complement to conventional systems, both in the degradation of organic pollutants and in the elimination of a wide variety of microorganisms, showing excellent potential for largescale application as tertiary-complementary treatment systems for different types of polluted water. This bibliometric study had a quantitative approach with a mainly descriptive and correlational scope, using the ProKnow-C method and a referential route proposed by UNE 166006:2011 from the AENOR entityItem Sistemas Electro-Fenton y Foto Electro-Fenton como métodos de eliminación de contaminantes emergentes presentes en aguas residuales.(Universidad Antonio Nariño) Martínez Pachón, Leidy Diana; Moncayo Lasso, Alejandro; Gutiérrez, Rafael MaríaCurrently, the reuse of wastewater is an option for conservation of the water resource, however, the presence of a great variety of contaminants such as personal care and hygiene products, pharmaceutical compounds, drugs of abuse, pesticides, among others, which are not completely eliminated in most treatment systems conventional, making this option unfeasible.