Espesor de capa de células ganglionares y capa de fibras del nervio óptico asociados a glaucoma en población menor a 18 años
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Date
2022-06-10
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Universidad Antonio Nariño
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
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Abstract
Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy and the leading cause of irreversible blindness
worldwide, in most cases it occurs in patients older than 60
years and also represents 5% of blindness in the population under 18 years of age at
world (1). The diagnosis of glaucoma in Colombia corresponds to 0.08% of the total
care for all causes of visual loss in the country, with a
estimated prevalence for women of 0.15% in 2018, higher than that of men
men (10).
One of the structures that are most affected by glaucoma is the nerve.
optic, which can suffer damage generally produced by a Pressure
Intraocular (IOP) elevated. Sometimes there may be no symptoms
except for a gradual loss of peripheral vision, which manifests itself in
advanced states. Because it is a hereditary disease, professionals
recommended if you have a family history, keep a check
periodic IOP and in addition to the eye fundus evaluation, observing the
coloration, vascularization and diameter of the optic disc, for a diagnosis and
timely treatment (6) Within the characteristics of this disease we find the loss of
of the nerve fiber layer of the retina, which leads to a
decreased visual field and in advanced stages can lead to blindness.
The atrophy that develops in glaucoma of any type is characterized by
progressive loss of ganglion cells, histopathological disc alteration
optic manifesting with increased papillary cupping, sequential deterioration
of the visual field due to the loss of ganglion cells (1).
two
Ganglion cells process visual information that begins when
light enters the eye and is transmitted to the brain, the axons of these cells
make up the nerve fiber layer of the optic nerve. There are approximately
1 million ganglion cells in the human eye, which decrease during life
approximately 25%. The focus of the disease is oriented in
establish a timely diagnosis and effective treatment. One of the
most commonly used tools is optical coherence tomography (OCT) used
in daily practice both in the adult population and in the pediatric population, without
However, for its correct interpretation we must take into account that the values
of reference for the different thicknesses of the ocular structures are not the same
in children and adults (4).
OCT is a non-invasive, quick and painless imaging test that
provides very precise and valuable information in the diagnosis and monitoring of
different optic neuropathies. The latest devices in OCT contain a base
of data extracted from populations carried out in adults, which limits its application in
children and as a consequence no reference values are available for children and
adolescents under 18 years of age. For this reason, OCT requires a base of
normative data for pediatric population for decision making
essential in clinical practice (3).
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Colombia(Bogotá D,C)