Uso del ácido hialurónico en periodoncia: revisión narrativa de la literatura. 2013-2020

Abstract

Introduction: Hyaluronic acid is a polysaccharide constituted by repeated units of disaccharides, that represents a glycosaminoglycan which participates in several important biological procedures like: mediation of cellular signaling, cellular regulation, proliferation and cellular differentiation. Therefore the hyaluronic acid, can provide favorable conditions for growth and tissue regeneration, thanks to these characteristics that its use has extended to different areas of medicine such as: orthopedics, ophthalmology, dermatology, aesthetics and more recently in dentistry. It is important to clarify that there are periodontal conditions in which hyaluronic acid can be used to promote changes in the periodontium in an optimal and positive way. Objective: To realize a narrative review of the literature about the use of hyaluronic acid in periodontics in articles published between the years 2008- 2020. Methodology: It consisted in the search of articles in English in different databases like Pubmed, Medline, Elseiver, and Ebsco, which were related to the topic of hyaluronic acid use in periodontics. For this purpose, Boolean descriptors were used, and later the collection and discard phases of the articles obtained were executed to carry out the appropriate analysis of the results. Results: Most of the articles agree that hyaluronic acid generates benefits in periodontics for the treatment of gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontal surgery. However, the lack of standardized protocols makes it advisable to perform more studies on this subject. Conclusion: Topical application of hyaluronic acid brings additional clinical benefits like reduction in bleeding and inflammation rate, reduction in probing depth, improvement in insertion level when used as an adjunct tosurgical and non-surgical periodontal therapy. In periodontal surgery it helps improve the appearance of the tissue, color, reduces pain and burning, in addition to bringing benefits in interpapillary filling and gingival recessions that help periodontal esthetics.