Efectos adversos del tratamiento farmacológico con Antirresortivos en cirugía oral vs enfermedad periodontal: Revisión sistemática de la literatura.

Abstract

Bisphosphonates are drugs used to prevent bone loss, care for malignant bone diseases involving bone (multiple myeloma, hypercalcemia), bone metastases from cancer (prostate, breast, lung and kidney) but also have adverse effects in the oral cavity such as mandibular osteonecrosis (ONJ), which causes bone death of the affected or treated area, often caused after treatments involving manipulation of the mandibular or maxillary bone such as dental extractions, placement of implants, periodontal surgery or maxillofacial surgery.and non-malignant bone diseases (osteoporosis, Piaget's disease) (Carlos Rivas Bejar, 2017). Objective: To evaluate the adverse effects of anti-resortive agents in oral surgery procedures vs. periodontal disease mentioned in case reports. Method: Systematic review of the literature, performing a qualitative documentary analysis in studies, using relevant data obtained by other researchers, where the available evidence will be studied, we will address the association between antirresortives and adverse effects generated in oral surgery and patients with periodontal disease in case reports from 2010 to 2020. Results. The authors point out that severe periodontal disease and oral surgeries were the only dental variables that show a significant association with the development of osteonecrosis of the jaws. (Bermudez, 2017). Conclusions. After interpreting all the information contained in different studies used for the present systematic review, we found that most patients who are treated with anti-resortive drugs and have to be operated on develop maxillary osteonecrosis in a higher percentage than patients with the same pharmacological treatment who present periodontal disease.