Estudio de restos dentales (odontometría, morfología dental, paleopatología dental y descripción de fitolitos) de una muestra de una población prehispánica del departamento de Nariño.

Abstract

Introduction. Dental Anthropology aims to study all the information provided by teeth, such as odontometric, anatomical, pathological, evolutionary, cultural variations and adaptation processes of present and past human populations. In an excavation carried out in the department of Nariño, bone and dental remains dating from pre-Hispanic times were found, of which there is no anthropological history to date. Objective. Describe the odontometric, morphological, paleopathological characteristics and the phytoliths present in dental pieces belonging to individuals from a pre-Hispanic population of the department of Nariño. Methodology. A descriptive study was carried out in a sample of teeth belonging to 4 individuals found in the excavation for the rumichaca road concession in 2019. The metric study was carried out by taking mesiodistal and bucolingual distances of the pieces found by using of a fine point digital caliper. For the morphological analysis, 4 dental features were described according to the ASUDAS methodology. In the paleopathological observation, the coronal findings associated with structural aspects of the teeth were described. The identification of phytoliths was made from the samples of dental stones. Ethical Aspects: According to resolution 8430 of 1993 this is a risk-free investigation since dental remains are manipulated following the protocols given by the same resolution Results. Average 11.94mm crowns were found in tooth 17, the morphological feature found most frequently was the shovel incisor as a characteristic of the Amerindians. Dental pathologies such as cavities, wear and dental calculus were found. Of the 33 sheets found, the most relevant morphotribe was that of billiform cells. Conclusions. Applying the Aitchson index, the sex of one of the individuals was determined, Mongoloid dental features were found, tooth wear was the most frequent pathology, circular and globular conical cells were present in a lower frequency.