Factores de riesgo en la aparición de caries de infancia temprana posterior a la aplicación de métodos preventivos a base de flúor y sellantes de fosas y fisuras - revisión sistemática de la literatura

Abstract

Abstract Background: Early childhood caries (CIT) is defined as the presence of one or more teeth with loss of tooth structure due to caries and / or the presence of fillings in children younger than 71 months. The suggested treatment to treat this condition is based on the control of factors and risk and the use of fluoride-based therapies. Objective: To establish the influence of risk factor management on the appearance of caries early childhood. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed by searching for articles scientists in the Pubmed, Lilacs, Proquest, Ebsco, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Clinical Key databases. Titles, summaries and full texts were read. The quality and validity of the studies were determined using the Consort, Strobe and Prisma checklists. The articles were classified according to the level of evidence and the degrees of recommendation through SIGN. Results: Most of the articles report that the inadequate management of risk factors such as bad oral hygiene practices; the high consumption of sugars and the low socioeconomic level, were significantly related to the presence of early childhood caries. In-office therapies for the prevention of dental caries are effective, however, better results are seen when combined with oral hygiene education and diet intervention. Conclusion: Fluoride-based therapeutics and the use of pit and fissure sealants must be accompanied by an adequate management of risk factors to reduce the prevalence of early childhood caries. Key words: Dental caries, risk factor, temporary dentition, sealants, fluorine varnish.